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Resistors and Potentiometers Specifications

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General Specifications




   Device Type       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   Attenuator Resistor
 
     Attenuator resistors reduce the power of a signal by a determined factor without distortion.
 
   Chip Resistor
 
     Chip resistors are passive resistors with a form factor of an integrated circuit (IC) chip.
 
   Fixed resistor
 
     Fixed resistors have a fixed resistance value.
 
   Load Bank
 
     Load banks are resistor systems that provide resistive electrical loads for testing purposes.
 
   Shunt Resistor
 
     Shunts resistors are connected in parallel with an instrument or component to divert electrical current. They provide an alternate path for current in case of failure.
 
   Variable Resistor / Potentiometer
 
     Variable resistors have a resistance value that can be adjusted or changed by the user. Potentiometers, trimmers, and rheostats are types of variable resistors.
 
   Voltage Divider
 
     Voltage dividers provide highly-accurate reference voltages for calibration and testing purposes. They produce an output voltage (Vout) which is proportional to an input voltage (Vin). Voltage dividers consist of a series of fixed resistors (R1 and R2) that function as a highly accurate, variable potentiometer. Kelvin-Varley voltage dividers use a bridge circuit with two standard-value resistors. The ratio of the resistance value determines the voltage or current ratio.
 
   Other
 
     Other unspecified resistors. Examples include photoresistors, thermistors, varistors, and sensistors.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Configuration:       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   Single Resistor
 
     Single resistors are standard, passive resistors with a single resistance value.
 
   Resistor Array
 
     Resistor chip arrays contain several resistors housed in a single package.
 
   Other
 
     Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configurations.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Category / Application       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   Automotive
 
     Devices are designed for the automotive industry. They may be used in anti-lock brakes or control systems, and in power train, power steering, or engine control applications.
 
   Aerospace
 
     Devices are designed for the aerospace industry. They may be used in satellites, sonar, or general avionics products.
 
   Audio / Video
 
     Devices are designed for audio and/or video (AV) applications.
 
   Computers
 
     Devices are designed for computers such as notebooks, laptops and tablets.
 
   Current Sensing Resistor
 
     Current sensing resistors convert flow-through current to a voltage drop. By monitoring or measuring the voltage drop, current flowing through the resistor can be measured. Typically, current sensing resistors are used to monitor current in products such as power supplies, receptacles, and battery packs.
 
   Dynamic Braking  Resistor
 
     Dynamic braking resistors (DBR) produce braking torque and absorb the high amounts of energy generated by stopping electric motors. They are used in variable-speed drive systems such as elevators, cranes, and trains. When a system load is decelerated, the kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy. The dynamic braking resistor absorbs this energy and converts it to heat.
 
   Fusible Resistor
 
     Fusible resistors are made of a partially-organic film. The flow of high-current melts the film, opening the circuit and stopping the flow of current through the resistor.
 
   General Use
 
     General-use devices can be used in most applications. They are often used in consumer products, computers or disk drives, and to provide over-current protection.
 
   Harmonic Filter Resistor
 
     Harmonic filter resistors are used in power electronics and solid-state devices which generate harmonic voltages. They dissipate harmonic currents as heat.
 
   High Current Resistor
 
     High-current resistors are designed for high-current applications.
 
   High Frequency Resistor
 
     High-frequency resistors are designed for high-frequency applications.
 
   High Voltage Resistor
 
     High-voltage resistors are designed for high-voltage applications.
 
   Industrial
 
     Industrial resistors are designed for heavy-duty, industrial applications.
 
   Medical
 
     Medical resistors are used in medical equipment and systems.
 
   Motor Starting Resistor
 
     Motor-starting resistors are used in motor-starting devices.
 
   Neutral Grounding Resistor
 
     Neutral grounding resistors limit ground fault current to a low level. They are used to improve the safety of distribution systems.
 
   Precision Resistor
 
     Precision resistors have a very-low temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and a very low tolerance value.
 
   Power Resistor
 
     Power resistors are designed for high-power applications. They are used in the automotive industry, control systems, and power generation and distribution applications. Power resistors include load banks, grounding resistors, and dynamic braking resistors (DBR).
 
   Railway Resistor
 
     Railway resistors are used in railway applications.
 
   Surge Resistor
 
     Surge resistors are designed to handle overload conditions in electrical and electronic circuits.
 
   Telecom Resistor
 
     Telecom resistors are designed for telecommunications applications. They are used in telephones, mobile devices, two-way radios, and hand-held devices.
 
   Other
 
     Other unlisted or proprietary resistor categories.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Technology / Construction       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   Carbon Composition
 
     Carbon-composition resistors consist of powdered carbon, an insulating material, and a resin binder. Their resistance value is determined by the ratio of powdered carbon to insulating material. Carbon-composition resistors usually have a precision of no greater than +/-5%. This means that a 100-ohm resistor can range from 95 to 105 ohms in actual value.
 
   Carbon Film
 
     Carbon-film resistors are relatively inexpensive and readily available. They have resistance values within ±10% or ±5% of their marked or nominal value.
 
   Cermet
 
     Cermet devices are made of cermet, a composite that consists of ceramic and metallic materials. They are often used in high-temperature applications.
 
   Ceramic Composition
 
     Ceramic-composition resistors are solid-body devices made of a high-temperature, ceramic resistive material. They have bonded metal contacts. The construction of ceramic-composition resistors concentrates nearly all of the component mass into the resistive element, resulting in a rugged device with high-energy capacity.
 
   Coiled Wire Resistor
 
     Coiled wire resistors are made by coiling wire on an insulated core.
 
   Edgewound Resistor
 
     Edgewound resistors are made of high-power wire that is wound on edge to form a helical, resistive element.
 
   Grid Resistor
 
     Grid resistors consist of high-power wire that is formed into grid. Several grids are then fitted into an enclosure. Grid resistors can withstand both high power and high current.
 
   Metal Alloy
 
     Metal-alloy resistors contain metallic elements. Varying these elements can alter the alloy's properties.
 
   Metal Film
 
     Metal-film resistors are produced by depositing a resistive element on a high-grade, ceramic rod. The metal film’s resistive element may be carbon, nickel chromium; or a mixture of metal and glass, or metal and metal oxide. The precise resistance is achieved by removing part of the metal film in a spiral pattern around the rod. Typically, the tolerance is within ±2% or ±1% of the nominal value. When a tolerance of +/-1% is achieved, a 100-ohm, 1% resistor falls in the range of 99 to 101 ohms.
 
   Metal Foil
 
     Resistors are made of metal foil.
 
   Metal Oxide
 
     Metal-oxide resistors are similar to metal-film resistors. Although there are some differences between these resistor types, none affect their use in simple circuits.
 
   Ribbon Resistor
 
     Ribbon resistors are power resistors made with metallic, ribbon-like elements. These ribbon elements are formed by folding a strip of metal back and forth.
 
   Tantalum
 
     Resistors are made of tantalum, an element that is also used in capacitors. Tantalum resistors are used in audio applications.
 
   Thick Film
 
     Thick-film resistors are made by stenciling a resistive metallic paste or ink onto a base in a process similar to silk screening. Usually, this resistive material is considered to be proprietary.
 
   Thin Film
 
     Thin-film resistors are formed by vapor-deposition of a thin layer of resistive material onto a base. They are trimmed to a specific value by lasering or sandblasting.
 
   Wirewound Resistor
 
     Wirewound resistors are made by winding thin wire onto a ceramic rod. Highly-accurate devices are used in multimeters, oscilloscopes and other measuring equipment. Wirewound resistors that can pass large currents without overheating are used in power supplies and other high-current circuits.
 
   Other
 
     Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configurations.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Mounting / Packaging       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   Surface Mount (SMT / SMD)
 
     Surface mount technology (SMT) adds components to a printed circuit board (PCB) by soldering component leads or terminals to the top surface of the board. SMT devices (SMD) have a flat surface that is soldered to a flat pad on the face of the PCB. Typically, the PCB pad is coated with a paste-like formulation of solder and flux. With careful placement, SMT components on solder paste remain in position until elevated temperatures, usually from an infrared oven, melt the paste and solder the component leads to the PCB pads.
 
   Bolt-on (Chassis)
 
     Chassis mounted devices bolt onto or within a structure’s supporting frame, typically in a metal-to-metal configuration for better heat dissipation. Some chassis types are designed to be mounted within a rack.
 
   Panel Mount
 
     Panel-mounted devices have a threaded bushing which surrounds the shaft.
 
   Through Hole
 
     Through hole technology (THT) mounts components on a printed circuit board (PCB) by inserting component leads through holes in the board and then soldering the leads in place on the opposite side of the board.
 
   Axial Leads
 
     Axial leads extend from the ends and along the axis of the resistor. They do not extend from the sides.  
 
   Gull Wing Leads
 
     Gull-wing leads are used widely because they are relatively inexpensive to mold and form. Gull wings are flexible and can withstand thermal expansion and contraction. It is easy to inspect the integrity of gull-wing leads to circuit-board solder connections.
 
   J-leads
 
     J-leads are popular because they use less PCB real estate than gull wing leads; however, the J-lead to board solder connections are hidden from inspection and the leads are more difficult to form.
 
   Radial Leads
 
     Radial leads extend from the sides instead of from the ends.
 
   Screw Terminals
 
     Terminals are designed for screw mounting on a circuit board.
 
   Tab Terminals
 
     Terminals are designed for direct mounting on a circuit board. 
 
   Other
 
     Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configurations.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
Performance Specifications




   Resistance Range
 
     The device's resistance range. 
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Tolerance
 
     Resistance tolerance is usually expressed a percentage.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Temperature Coefficient (TCR)
 
     Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) measures the rate at which the nominal resistance changes as a function of temperature. TCR is expressed in parts per million (ppm) per degree Celsius (C), or ppm/C.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Power Rating
 
     Power rating is the maximum real power in watts (W) that the resistor supports.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Operating DC Voltage
 
     The device's maximum operating direct-current (DC) voltage.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Operating AC Voltage
 
     The device's maximum operating alternating-current (AC) voltage.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Number of Resistors
 
     The total number of resistors in the package.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Operating Temperature
 
     This is the full-required range of ambient operating temperature.
 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the limits in a "From - To" range; when both are specified, matching products will cover entire range. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
Standards and Features




   Standard and Compliances       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   RoHS Compliant
 
     Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a European Union (EU) directive that requires all manufacturers of electronic and electrical equipment sold in Europe to demonstrate that their products contain only minimal levels of the following hazardous substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether. RoHS will become effective on July 1, 2006.
 
   ELV Directive
 
     End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) is a European Union (EU) directive that requires manufacturers of automotive products sold in Europe to demonstrate that their products contain only minimal levels of mercury, cadmium and lead. Lead can still be used as an alloying additive in copper, steel and aluminum.
 
   UL
 
     Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a non-profit organization that tests components, systems, and materials according to its published standards for safety. Products that receive UL approval bear a UL Mark.
 
   CSA
 
     Products that bear a CSA Mark have been tested by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and meet applicable standards for safety and/or performance. These standards are written and administered by organizations such as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), and CSA International.

CSA Marks may appear alone or with indicators. CSA Marks that appear alone are used with products certified primarily for the Canadian market, to the applicable Canadian standards. CSA Marks that appear with the indicators “C” and “US” or “NRTL/C” are used with products certified for both the U.S. and Canadian markets, to the applicable U.S. and Canadian standards.
 
   IEC
 
     The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a global, non-profit organization that develops and maintains voluntary quality, safety, and performance standards for electrical materials, products, and systems The IEC also publishes standards for the electronics and telecommunications industries. The IEC’s membership consists of the electrotechnical standards organizations from each of its 51 member nations. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) represents the United States.
 
   WEEE Compliant
 
     Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEEE) is a European Union (EU) directive designed to encourage the reuse, recycling and recovery of electrical and electronic equipment. WEEE is also designed to improve the environmental impact and performance of this equipment. The WEEE directive establishes requirements and criteria for the collection, treatment, recycling and recovery of electrical and electronic equipment. It also makes producers responsible for financing these activities. Retailers and distributors must provide a way for consumers to return used or obsolete equipment without charge.
 
   Other
 
     Other unlisted standards.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Features       
   Your choices are...
 
      
 
   Heat Sink
 
     The resistor uses a heat sink to dissipate heat.
 
   Non-Inductive
 
     The resistor is non-inductive.
 
   Air Cooled
 
     The resistor is air-cooled.
 
   Water Cooled
 
     The resistor is water-cooled.
 
   Non-Flame Coating
 
     The resistor has a coating which provides protection against flames.
 
   Fireproof Case
 
     The resistor is fireproof.
 
   Electrically Isolated Case
 
     The resistor is covered by an electrically-isolated case.
 
   ESD Protection
 
     The resistor is protected against electrostatic discharge (ESD).
 
   NEMA Enclosure
 
     The resistor is encased in a NEMA enclosure. NEMA enclosures are rated by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) and designed for hazardous or non-hazardous locations and indoor or outdoor use.
 
   Military Standards
 
     Resistors comply with U.S. military standards.
 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
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