Communications and network software is used for the setup and management of digital communication networks such as LAN and WAN computer networks, electronic mail, FAX, audio and video networks, wireless communication systems, etc.
Geographic information systems software (GIS) is designed to collect, store, organize, manipulate, interpret, display, and disseminate geographically-referenced information.
Graphing and visualization software visually present abstract scientific data. The programs take numerical data and create (render) images for analysis.