Absolute rotary encoders use optical, mechanical, or magnetic indexing for angular measurement. They do not lose their position after power-down, but instead provide absolute position upon power-up without requiring a home cycle or any shaft rotation.
Color sensors register items by contrast, true color, or translucent index. True color sensors are based on one of the color models, most commonly the RGB model (red, green, blue).
Incremental rotary encoders are multi-turn sensors that use optical, mechanical, or magnetic index-counting for angular measurement. They contain no absolute reference, but instead count relative to the turn-on position.
Surface metrology equipment is used to measure the surface finish and/or geometry of engineering components. Surface texture and topology characteristics include surface roughness, contour, form, waviness and defects.
Instruments such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) monitors, ellipsometers, RHEED systems, imaging stations, CD-SEMs, ion mills, C-V systems specifically designed for wafer metrology or in-situ monitoring of thin film parameters during thin film or semiconductors wafer processing.
