Halogen lamps are high pressure incandescent lamps containing halogen gases such as iodine or bromine, which allow the filaments to be operated at higher temperatures and higher efficacies

Atomic absorption spectrometers (AA) use the absorption of light to measure the concentration of gas-phase atoms.

Electronic counters and electronic timers are completely electronic units for performing a variety of counter or timer functions.

Lighting fixtures and lamp sockets produce artificial light in industrial areas or workspaces, and mechanically hold and electrically connect lamp bulbs to wiring

Lamps are light sources that emit incoherent light for illumination.

High intensity discharge lamps (HID) contain compact arc tubes, which enclose various gases and metal salts, operating at relatively high pressures and temperatures.

Fluorescent lamps are high-efficiency lamps that use electrical discharge through low-pressure mercury vapor to produce ultraviolet (UV) energy, which is then transformed into visible light