Ball Spline

Ball splines provide nearly friction-free linear motion while simultaneously transmitting torsional loads. The path of the bearing balls is straight, not helical, which allows for a very efficient coupling device suitable for a variety of applications.  Ball splines have grooves that have been ground into them for the recirculating ground balls to run inside. The outer shell that houses the balls is called a nut rather than a bushing. There are either 4 or 6 sets of ball retainers. By increasing the contact area of the ball bearings on the shaft to approximately 45 degrees, the side load and direct load carrying capabilities are greatly increased. Each nut can be individually preloaded at the factory to decrease the available radial play to ensure rigidity. This process not only increases the contact area, increasing direct loading capabilities, but it also restricts any radial movement, increasing the overhung moment capabilities.  This creates a sturdier structure that can handle a very strenuous working environment. 

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