Information about Thyristors

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About Thyristors

Thyristors are a class of four-layer (PNPN) semiconductor devices that act as switches, rectifiers, or voltage regulators. When triggered, thyristors turn on and become low-resistance current paths and remain so, even after the trigger is removed, until the current is reduced to a certain level or until thyristors are triggered off, depending on the type of device. Thyristors include four-layer diodes (Shockley diode), silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR), diacs, triacs, gate turn-off thyristors (GTO), light-activated SCR (LASCR), and silicon-controlled switches (SCS).

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Diacs

Diacs are bi-directional diodes that switch AC voltages and trigger silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) and triacs. Except for a small leakage current, diacs do not conduct until the breakover voltage is reached.

Sidacs

Sidacs are bidirectional silicon switches that provide greater power handling capabilities than standard diacs. These four-layer (PNPN) semiconductor devices are triggered by thyristors and act as open circuits that are capable of withstanding a specific rated voltage until triggered.

Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR)

Silicon controlled rectifiers (SCR) are four-layer (PNPN) thyristors with three terminals: an input control terminal (gate), an output terminal (anode), and a terminal common to both the input and output (cathode). SCRs are used mainly with high voltages and currents, often to control alternating current (AC) where the change of sign causes the device to switch off automatically.

Triacs

Triacs are three-terminal silicon devices that are configured in an inverse parallel arrangement to provide load current during both halves of the AC supply voltage. They are often used to control motor speed.

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