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Voltage Reference Chips

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About Voltage Reference Chips

Voltage references are electronic circuits that produce constant output voltages (references) that are used to compare other voltages in a system. There are two general types of voltage references: shunt and series. Shunt references operate in parallel with the load. The most common types of two-terminal shunt reference are based on the Zener principle, in which the current in a reverse-biased diode begins to flow at a certain voltage threshold and then increases dramatically with an increase in voltage. Resistors in series with the diode establish a constant current, allowing the Zener to achieve a stable reference voltage.  The Zener reference behaves like a typical shunt or two-terminal reference.


Engineering Web: Voltage Reference Chips - Machine Design

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