Decade boxes and dividers provide highly accurate and digitally variable standard values of resistance, capacitance, inductance, voltage and/or current for calibration, comparison and testing. Decade boxes and dividers include decade inductors, decade resistors, decade capacitors, voltage dividers and precision potentiometers. Automated test equipment (ATE), electrical testing instruments and other specialized electronic test systems often use decade boxes and dividers as precision components. Voltage dividers and Kelvin-Varley dividers or potentiometers provide a ratio of voltage or current for use as a reference. Transfer, primary, and laboratory grade standards are used to compare or transfer accuracies from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or other nationally certified organizations to working decade boxes and dividers. Typically, these working devices are robust or rugged units for production or in-line testing and calibration.