Chemical testing services test, analyze, and certify a wide range of chemicals for purity, chemical compatibility, and environmental impact. Tested products include adhesives and sealants, ceramics and glass, concrete and mortar, chemicals and coatings, composite materials, fuel cells, metals, nanomaterials, paper, petroleum, plastic, polymers, powders, soil, rubber, textiles, water, welds and joints. Test media and services are the most important specifications to consider when searching for providers of chemical testing services. Available services include ash testing, atomic absorption spectroscopy, chemical extraction, chromatography, combustion, deformulation or reverse engineering, diffraction, plasma emission spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, microscopy, metallography, optical emission spectroscopy, particle size or sieve analysis, property testing, rheology, scanning electron microscopy, standards testing or certification, thermal analysis, wet chemical analysis, and X-ray fluorescence. Some chemical testing services test chemicals that are used in aerospace, automotive, marine, medical military, pharmaceutical or packaging applications. Other test chemicals are used in electronic devices, semiconductors, or integrated circuits (ICs).